MOLI: multi-omics late integration with deep neural networks for drug response prediction

Sharifi-Noghabi H, Zolotareva O, Collins CC, Ester M. MOLI: multi-omics late integration with deep neural networks for drug response prediction. Bioinformatics. 2019;35(14):I501-I509.Motivation Historically, gene expression has been shown to be the most informative data for drug response prediction. Recent evidence suggests that integrating additional omics can improve the prediction accuracy which raises the question of how to integrate the additional omics. Regardless of the integration strategy, clinical utility and translatability are crucial. Thus, we reasoned a multi-omics approach combined with clinical datasets would improve drug response prediction and clinical relevance. Results We propose MOLI, a multi-omics late integration method based on deep neural networks. MOLI takes somatic mutation, copy number aberration and gene expression data as input, and integrates them for drug response prediction. MOLI uses type-specific encoding sub-networks to learn features for each omics type, concatenates them into one representation and optimizes this representation via a combined cost function consisting of a triplet loss and a binary cross-entropy loss. The former makes the representations of responder samples more similar to each other and different from the non-responders, and the latter makes this representation predictive of the response values. We validate MOLI on in vitro and in vivo datasets for five chemotherapy agents and two targeted therapeutics. Compared to state-of-the-art single-omics and early integration multi-omics methods, MOLI achieves higher prediction accuracy in external validations. Moreover, a significant improvement in MOLI's performance is observed for targeted drugs when training on a pan-drug input, i.e. using all the drugs with the same target compared to training only on drug-specific inputs. MOLI's high predictive power suggests it may have utility in precision oncology. Availability and implementation https://github.com/hosseinshn/MOLI. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online

Переход к новому технологическому укладу — детерминанта роста благосостояния населения регионов России

Детерминантой качества экономического роста, роста благосостояния населения сегодня, определенно, является интенсивное технологическое развитие и переход в новый (VI) технологический уклад. Это обосновывает довольно существенный интерес как к вопросам анализа межрегиональной дифференциации субъектов России, так и к оценке взаимосвязи характерного для них состояния социально-экономических показателей с уровнем технологического развития. Однако до сих пор не уделяется должного внимания определению влияния технологического развития регионов на благосостояние их жителей. В этой связи целью исследования являются оценка влияния состояния технологического развития регионов России на благосостояние их жителей и увязка роста благосостояния населения регионов с фазами волн Кондратьева и стадиями жизненных циклов технологического уклада. Методология исследования базируется на методах кластерного анализа (позволившего осуществить группировку регионов по совокупности параметров, характеризующих благосостояние их жителей), расчета сводных индексов и осуществления на их основе рейтингования регионов, оценки коэффициентов корреляции. Разработан подход к анализу состояния технологического развития регионов на основе сводного / интегрального индикатора, включающего три показателя: объем внутренних затрат на научные исследования и разработки, удельный вес организаций, осуществляющих технологические инновации, в общем количестве обследованных организаций, удельный вес инновационных товаров, работ, услуг в общем объеме отгруженных товаров, выполненных работ, услуг. Авторами осуществлено рейтингование субъектов России по полученному интегральному индексу технологического развития, выявлены 20 лидирующих и столько же отстающих регионов, по которым были рассчитаны коэффициенты корреляции. Основным выводом проведенного исследования явился тезис о том, что повышение благосостояния населения достигается на стадии роста нового технологического уклада, в то время как на стадии зрелости предшествующих технологических укладов может фиксироваться увеличение бедности и снижение доходов населения

Переход к новому технологическому укладу — детерминанта роста благосостояния населения регионов России

Детерминантой качества экономического роста, роста благосостояния населения сегодня, определенно, является интенсивное технологическое развитие и переход в новый (VI) технологический уклад. Это обосновывает довольно существенный интерес как к вопросам анализа межрегиональной дифференциации субъектов России, так и к оценке взаимосвязи характерного для них состояния социально-экономических показателей с уровнем технологического развития. Однако до сих пор не уделяется должного внимания определению влияния технологического развития регионов на благосостояние их жителей. В этой связи целью исследования являются оценка влияния состояния технологического развития регионов России на благосостояние их жителей и увязка роста благосостояния населения регионов с фазами волн Кондратьева и стадиями жизненных циклов технологического уклада. Методология исследования базируется на методах кластерного анализа (позволившего осуществить группировку регионов по совокупности параметров, характеризующих благосостояние их жителей), расчета сводных индексов и осуществления на их основе рейтингования регионов, оценки коэффициентов корреляции. Разработан подход к анализу состояния технологического развития регионов на основе сводного / интегрального индикатора, включающего три показателя: объем внутренних затрат на научные исследования и разработки, удельный вес организаций, осуществляющих технологические инновации, в общем количестве обследованных организаций, удельный вес инновационных товаров, работ, услуг в общем объеме отгруженных товаров, выполненных работ, услуг. Авторами осуществлено рейтингование субъектов России по полученному интегральному индексу технологического развития, выявлены 20 лидирующих и столько же отстающих регионов, по которым были рассчитаны коэффициенты корреляции. Основным выводом проведенного исследования явился тезис о том, что повышение благосостояния населения достигается на стадии роста нового технологического уклада, в то время как на стадии зрелости предшествующих технологических укладов может фиксироваться увеличение бедности и снижение доходов населения

Self-Realization of Disabled Children and Graduates of Vocational Education Institutions

The self-realization of disabled children and graduates of professional education institutions is essential from the socio-psychological and moral-ethical perspectives. The lack of equal access to an active public life, primarily education and work, aggravates the multiple deprivations of physically challenged people. The social inclusion of disabled children and graduates in all life spheres contributes to their self-realization and self-affirmation, helps to feel life at its fullest capacity, increases vitality, develops and maintains social contacts by removing socio-psychological barriers with the outside world. The research aims at assessing the accessibility of inclusive education for physically challenged children and identifying priority employment motives for disabled graduates of higher and secondary vocational education institutions to develop recommendations for expanding possibilities of their further self-realization and employment. Methods. The authors of the article used economic and statistical methods of observing and analyzing social phenomena, as well as methods of selective research. The justification of the novelty of this article, its main results and conclusions. The authors of the article have conducted a comprehensive study of the self-realization of disabled children and graduates of vocational institutions of higher and secondary education. Using statistical methods of observation and data analysis, the authors have obtained reliable results on the current situation, revealed a number of problems associated with the accessibility of education for physically challenged children and determined priority motives for employing disabled graduates of vocational institutions of higher and secondary education. The study results are valid due to the use of statistical research tools, including descriptive methods of data analysis. Based on these results, the authors have developed proposals and recommendations aimed at increasing the accessibility of education and work for physically challenged children and graduates of vocational institutions of higher and secondary education

Intangible Assets Disclosure By Russian And Kazakhstani Oil Companies

The oil industry and oil companies, in particular, in the countries considered in the article directly affect the well-being of the nation. And the financial standing of the company affects the welfare of its employees and the social standard of living in the region. The importance of intangible assets is rapidly increasing due to the fast development of information technologies, scientific and technological progress. No company can do business without using the various intangible assets in its production activities today. The intensified market competition and advent of new information technologies have caused this situation. An important place in accounting is accounting for intangible assets, which is one of the most complex processes, both in the Russian and in foreign practice. The problem of accounting for IA is related to the specifics of the object's accounting and its properties. Proper accounting for intangible assets is very important in today's information age. It allows to objectively assess a company's market value, make business decisions and attract new investors. However, in both Russia and Kazakhstan there is a lack of specific accounting standards and guidance on disclosing this information, so companies can selectively disclose information on intangible assets in their annual financial statements. This article measures the level of intangible assets disclosure for "Bashneft" and "Tengizchevroil" oil companies, that was calculated based on Ragini index methodology. Particular attention is paid to a separate block of this methodology "Human Resources"

The improvement of the model to develop the infrastructure of the grain product subcomplex as the essential attribute to increase the efficiency and ramp up of Russian grain export

The directions of ramp up and increment of grain export efficiency and its interregional exchange in Russia are considered in Russia. The key element to achieve this strategic goal is the development of the production and logistics infrastructure of the grain-product subcomplex. The research shows the condition of the storage infrastructure is unsatisfying, its renewal is carried out at a slow rate, the major part is presented by on-the-floor storage objects of Soviet production, for this reason they are practically worn out. Increasing of capacity of deep-water ports and diversification due to Far East direction have been presented as the important direction of the development of export potential. The research proposes the model of the development of the production and logistics infrastructure of the grain-product subcomplex. It is based on the system of measures of state and economic regulation. The validity of the proposed model is determined by 5 principles: the realizable projects must be coordinated with state measures, to take into account the existing structure of regional grain production, to stimulate business investment activity, to increase the availability and efficiency of grain storage and transportation to the final consume

Some Aspects of managing the career of a specialist in the paradigm of the professional standard "demographer"

The article emphasise the significance of the emergence of a new profession of a demographer. The authors substantiate the need for demographers by state and municipal authorities, analytical centres, non-budgetary funds, Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), sociological services and large companies. There are considered the most demanded demographer positions for 2022–2030. It is revealed that an important element of motivation for young professionals, in addition to material motivation, is career growth. In this context, the authors present a vision of a number of aspects of the complex multifaceted process of managing a demographer’s career. In particular a career map for demographers was built depending on their level of qualification, that can help university graduates, young professionals, as well as experienced employees to determine how much their competencies meet the requirements for knowledge and skills, as well as to understand the possibilities of developing their career. In accordance with the career map and the professional standard “Demographer”, a matrix of professional competencies at various levels is presented for a demographer. The matrix developed by the authors not only represents a valuable scientific result, but in fact, is an effective tool that allows to identify the skill level of an employee who is developing a career in the field of demography. To determine the employee’s compliance with the position and the possibility of his career advancement, it is recommended to use the point method of assessment. In addition to professional competencies, the study identifies the soft skills that are important in the work of a demographer, and that should be assessed when selecting candidates for a position. Prior to promoting an employee it is recommended to carry out certification with the objective to determine the correspondence of his skills with the position and assess his qualification level for career growth.</p

Chloroplasts of cold-tolerant plants

Cold is one of the main stress factors affecting plant growth and development. The structure and function of chloroplasts is most vulnerable to cold. This brief review summarizes the influence of low temperature on both chloroplasts’ structure and functioning across cold-tolerant plant species. One of the features of the chloroplast structure is the presence of stromules. We attempted to define a core set of such changes for plants with different habitats. Some changes might be consistent across all species, which were studied; however, some other characteristics were species- or family-specific. Elucidating the interrelation between the mechanisms controlling photosynthesis during cold stress will facilitate the development of strategies to enhance plant tolerance to low-temperature environmental conditions

ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ВОПРОСЫ ОЦЕНКИ НЕЙМИНГА

The great attention of marketing studies is paid to naming in recent decades. This is a special activity directed to choose the names of companies, goods and services. In this regard, the assessment of state and development of naming has a big scientific and practical importance as the most significant factor of effective business.В последние десятилетия в маркетинговых исследованиях все возрастающее внимание уделяется неймингу - особому направлению деятельности, сопряженному с выбором названий для фирм, товаров и услуг. В той связи большое научное и практическое значение имеет оценка состояния и развития нейминга, как важнейшего фактора эффективности бизнеса